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Neuropathic Pain
Treatment in Chennai
Neuropathic pain is a broad umbrella term characterised by weakness, numbness, and discomfort in the hands and feet due to injury to nerves located outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves). It can also impact other biological systems such as digestion, urine, and circulation. The information from our brain and spinal cord (central nervous system) is sent to the rest of your body via your peripheral nervous system. Damage to these nerves is termed neuropathy. Traumatic injuries, infections, metabolic issues, hereditary factors, and toxic exposure can produce peripheral neuropathy.
What Causes Neuropathic Pain?
- Autoimmune diseases
- Diabetes
- Infections
- Inherited disorders
- Tumors
- Bone marrow disorders
- Alcoholism
- Exposure to poisons or toxins
- Vitamin B and E deficiency
- Injury or compression of a nerve
- Chemotherapy
What are the Symptoms of Neuropathic Pain?
- Numbness, prickling, or tingling in the feet or hands that gradually spreads upward into your legs and arms
- Sharp, jabbing, throbbing, or scorching pain
- High sensitivity to touch
- Pain in the feet during simple activities
- Falling and a lack of coordination
- Muscle weakness
- Paralysis upon motor nerve damage
- Intolerance to heat
- Excessive sweating or inability to sweat
- Problems with the bowels, bladder, or digestion
- Dropping blood pressure
How is Peripheral Neuropathy Diagnosed?
A variety of factors can cause peripheral neuropathy. Aside from a physical examination, which may involve blood testing, diagnosis usually necessitates the following:
A complete medical history, including your symptoms, lifestyle, toxicity exposure, and drinking habits, along with the nervous system examination and coordination, may all be examined by your doctor.
The doctor may request some tests, such as:
- Blood tests
- Imaging tests such as CT or MRI scans
- Electromyography
- Nerve conduction study
- Nerve biopsy
- Skin biopsy
What can be the Complications of Peripheral Neuropathy?
Peripheral neuropathy can cause a variety of complications, including:
- Burns and skin damage– Numb parts of your body may not sense temperature changes or pain.
- Infection– Feet and other places lacking sensation might get infected from minor injuries without knowledge. So regular inspection is essential, especially if you have diabetes.
How is Neuropathic Pain Treated?
The most crucial component of treating neuropathy is identifying and rectifying the underlying cause. Once the underlying problem has been identified, the doctor can begin treatment. The sooner the symptoms and nerve damage are treated, the less probable they will become permanent.
Medications: Medicines can be used to relieve neuropathic pain. Medications prescribed may include:
- over-the-counter analgesics
- antidepressants
- anti-seizure medications
- topical creams
Nerve Blocks: Nerve blocks (like trigeminal nerve block) are injections directed at a particular nerve or nerve group that is intended to reduce inflammation and relieve pain
Chemical Neurolysis (Alcohol / Phenol Injections): Alcohol or Phenol injections are commonly used for bringing substantial relief in trigeminal neuralgia
Radiofrequency Ablation: RF ablation is commonly used in trigeminal neuralgia to numb the pain-generating structure and reduce the intensity of pain.
Interventional pain management
- Sympathetic Nerve Blocks – These injections have been used to diagnose and treat various conditions. A modest dose of local anaesthetic is used to “block” the nerves of the SNS under radiographic vision. These injections can provide significant pain relief. The Stellate Ganglion Block is a procedure that focuses on the face and upper extremities neuropathy. Lumbar Sympathetic Blocks commonly treat neuropathic pain in the lower extremities.
- SCS (Spinal Cord Stimulation)-It is a standard technique that uses technology similar to that used in cardiac pacemakers. Small electrodes are placed in the epidural area near the spinal cord in this procedure. These electrodes send a little electrical current across your spinal cord, which your brain perceives as a light massage or a “champagne bubble” sensation. This will reduce pain transmission and provide relief to neuropathy-affected areas. Spinal Cord Stimulation can assist restore healthy blood flow while also alleviating pain in the event of DPPN.
- Peripheral Nerve Stimulation – Similar to spinal cord stimulation, the electrodes are positioned near the damaged nerves in the extremities.
There is no cure for neuralgia, but treatment can help improve your symptoms. Some types of neuralgia improve over time. More research is being done to develop better treatments for neuralgia.